DETERMINANTS OF STATE TAX HAVEN UTILIZATION: EMPIRICAL STUDY ON BANKING COMPANIES

Lisa Catherine

Abstract


Research Purposes. This study aims to test the determinants of the utilization of tax haven countries. The determinants are multinational companies, intangible assets, and good corporate governance (GCG). We use bank healthy rate as control variable.

Research Methods. The research is quantitative research, with the population is banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2016-2020. The sample used as many as 125 banking companies with purposive sampling technique. Hypothesis testing using logistic regression analysis.

Research Results and Findings. The results show that intangible assets have a positive effect on the use of tax haven countries. Multinational, GCG, and performance have no effect on the utilization of tax haven countries. This study concludes that banks use their intangible assets to reap the tax facilities in tax haven countries.


Save to Mendeley


Keywords


Determinant; Utilization of Tax Haven Countries; Banks

Full Text:

PDF

References


Akamah, H., Hope, O. K., & Thomas, W. B. (2017). Tax Havens and Disclosure Aggregation. Journal of International Business Studies, 49(1), 49-69. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-017-0084-x.

Annisa, N. A., & Kurniasih, L. (2012). Pengaruh Corporate Governance terhadap Tax Avoidance. Jurnal Akuntansi & Auditing, 8(2), 123-136. https://doi.org/10.14710/jaa.8.2.123 -136.

Council of the European Union. (2021). EU List of Non-Cooperative Jurisdiction For Tax Purposes. Retrieved from https://www.consilium. europa.eu/en/policies/eu-list-of-non-cooperative-jurisdictions/#.

Damayanti, H. H., & Prastiwi, D. (2017). Peran OECD dalam Meminimalkan Upaya Tax Agresiveness pada Perusahaan Multinationality. Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 8(1), 79-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18202/jamal.2017.04.7041.

Deanti, L. R. (2017). Pengaruh Pajak, Intangible Assets, Leverage, Profitabilitas, dan Tunelling Incentive Terhadap Keputusan Transfer Pricing Perusahaan Multinasional Indonesia. (Skripsi, Program Studi Akuntansi S1 Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatulah, Jakarta, Indonesia). Retrieved from https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id /dspace/bitstream/123456789/35560/1/LAKSMITA%20RACMAH%20DEANTI-FEB.pdf.

Desai, M., & Dharmapala, D. (2006). Corporate Tax Avoidance and High-Powered Incentives. Journal of Financial Economics, 79(1), 145-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2005.02.002.

Dharmapala, D. (2014). What Do We Know About Base Erosion and Profit Shifting? A Review of the Empirical Literature. Fiscal Studies, 35(4), 421-448. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2373 549.

Dudar, O., Spengel, C., & Voget, J. (2015, July). The Impact of Taxes on Bilateral Royalty Flows. ZEW Centre for European Economic Research Discussion Paper No. 15-052, 1-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2641756.

Dyreng, S. D., Hanlon, M., & Maydew, E. L. (2007). Long-Run Corporate Tax Avoidance. The Accounting Review, 83(1), 1-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2008.83.1.61.

Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 23 (8th ed.). Semarang: Badan Penerbitan Universitas Diponegoro.

Gravelle, J. G. (2009). Tax Havens: International Tax Avoidance and Evasion. National Tax Journal, 62(4), 727-753.

https://doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2009.4.07.

Hines Jr., J. R. (2005). Do Tax Haven Flourish?. Tax Policy and the Economy, 19, 65-99. https://doi.org/10.1086/tpe.19.20061896.

Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X.

Klassen, K., Lang, M., & Wolfson, M. (1993). Geographic Income Shifting by Multinational Corporations in Response to Tax Rate Changes. Journal of Accounting Research, 31, 141-173. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491168.

Komite Nasional Kebijakan Governance. (2006). Pedoman Umum Good Corporate Governance Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.ecgi.global/sites/default/files/codes/documents/indonesia_cg_2006_id.pdf.

Kusuma, H., & Wijaya, B. (2017). Drivers of the Intensity of Transfer Pricing: An Indonesian Evidence. Proceedings. The Second American Academic Research Conference on Global Business, Economics, Finance and Social

Sciences: Yogyakarta.

Muhammadi, A. H., Ahmed, Z., dan Habib, A. (2016). Multinational Transfer Pricing of Intangible Assets: Indonesian Tax Auditors’ Perspectives. Asian Review of Accounting, 24(3), 313-337. https://doi.org/10.1108/ ARA-10-2014-0112.

Nugraha, R., & Kristanto, A. B. (2019). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemanfaatan Tax Haven. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Humanika, 9(2), 160-171. https://doi.org/10.23887/jiah. v9i2.21011.

Nurhidayati & Fuadillah, H. (2018). The Influence of Income Shifting Incentives towards the Tax Haven Country Utilization: Case Study on the Companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 20(1), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.9744/jak.20.1. 27-38.

Organization for Economics Cooperation and Development. (2010). Transfer Pricing and Intangibles: Scope of the OECD Project. Retrieved from https://drtp.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/2011-TP-and-Intangibles-Scope-of-the-OECD-Project.pdf.

Pramesthi, R. D. F., Suprapti, E., & Kurniawati, E. T. (2019). Income Shifting dan Pemanfaatan Negara Tax Haven. Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 9(3), 375-386. https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v9i3.8866.

Richardson, G., & Taylor, G. (2015). Income Shifting Incentives and Tax Haven Utilization: Evidence from Multinational U.S. Firms. The International Journal of Accounting, 50(2), 458-485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2015.10. 001.

Robert Tantular dan Kisruh Century. (2009, May 28). Liputan6. Retrieved from https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/231220/robert-tantular-dan-kisruh-century.

Sangmi, M. D., & Nazir, T. (2010). Analyzing Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in India: Application of CAMEL Model. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 4(1), 40-55.

Sari, D. K. (2010). Karakteristik Kepemilikan Perusahaan, Corporate Governance, dan Tindakan Pajak Agresif. (Tesis, Program Studi Ilmu Akuntansi Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia). Retrieved from http://ppia.feb.ui.ac.id/program-magister/ penelitian-magister/.

Sari, E. V. (2016, April 15). Citibank Masih Pikir-Pikir Bentuk Badan Hukum di Indonesia. CNN Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20160415091609-78-124111/citibank-masih-pikir-pikir-bentuk-badan-hukum-di-indonesia.

Solistiyo, S. A. (2019). Determinan Indikator Negara Suaka Pajak Menurut Ketentuan Perpajakan Indonesia (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Multinasional yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2013-2017). (Skripsi, Program Studi Ekonomika dan Bisnis S1 Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia). Retrieved from http://eprints.undip.ac.id/74873/1/ 19_SOLISTIYO.PDF.

Surat Edaran Bank Indonesia No. 6/23/DNPN. (2004). Sistem Penilaian Kesehatan Bank Umum. Retrieved from https://ojk.go.id/id/kanal/perbankan/regulasi/surat-edaran-bank-indonesia/Documents/334.pdf.

Sutedi, A. (2012). Good Corporate Governance. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 36. (2008). Pajak Penghasilan. Retrieved from https://jdih.esdm.go.id/peraturan/UU%20No.%2036%20Thn%202008.pdf.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33508/jako.v16i2.5140