PENGALAMAN TRAUMATIS PADA WANITA YANG MENGALAMI KEGUGURAN BERULANG

Genesis Philia Wijaya, Erlyn Erawan

Abstract


Miscarriage is an event of fetal death without any element of intention before the time of birth. Within time, miscarriages can happen recurrently in some women. When experiencing recurrent miscarriage, individuals generally feel sad and disappointed because their hope to have a child has been lost. Recurrent miscarriages experienced by women can lead to trauma, which is the fear and insecurity that the individual feels from traumatic events. The purpose of this study is to describe the traumatic experience of a woman who has experienced recurrent miscarriage. This study used the qualitative research method and phenomenological approach. Data collection was done by interviewing three informants who suffered recurrent miscarriages of at least 3 times. The feelings seen in this study are generally sad, dissappointed and guilty from the miscarriage. The traumatic experiences that came up in the three informants were different. During handling trauma, the informants continue to believe in God for their recurring miscarriages. The informants received social support from family and spouse. During facing their trauma, the informants need social support that became useful to minimize fear and insecurity that exist in them. Social support makes informants able to accept the condition of recurrent miscarriage and reduce the trauma. Two of the three informants got pregnant again and were able to make their fetus survive after receiving social support, especially the support of their husband.

Keywords: Traumatic event, women, recurrent miscarriage

Save to Mendeley


Full Text:

PDF

References


Adolfsson, A., Arbhede, E., Marklund, E., Larsson, P.-G., & Berg, M. (2015). Miscarriage— Evidence based information for the web and its development procedure. Advances in Sexual Medicine, 5, 89-110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/asm.2015.54011

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder, Edition “DSM-5”. Washinton DC: American Psychiatric Publishing. Washinton DC.

Andri & Dewi, Y. (2007, Juli). Teori kecemasan berdasarkan teori psikoanalisis klasik dan berbagai mekanisme pertahanan terhadap kecemasan. Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, 57, 233-238.

Anggraeni, D. M. (2009). Dukungan sosial yang diterima oleh perempuan yang belum berhasil dalam pengobatan infertilitas. Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman (The Soedirman Journal of Nursing), 4(3), 94-101.

Bhinnety, M. (2008). Struktur dan proses memori. Buletin Psikologi, 16(2), 74-88.

Budihastuti, S. F., Sunarti, H. M., & Seojono, S.K. (2012). Konseling dan mekanisme koping ibu nersalin. Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology, 1(1), 1-27.

Farren, J., Jalmbrant, M., Ameye, L., Joash, K., Mitchell-Jones, N., ... &Bourne, T. (2016). Post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression following miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy: A prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011864

Fidianty, I. (2006). Kecemasan pada wanita hamil pasca abortus. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.

Kaunonen, M. (2000). Support for a family in grief. Tampere: University of Tampere. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2013). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2012 Bab VIII: Kematian bayi dan anak. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.

Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2016). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2015 Bab V: Kesehatan keluarga. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.

Krisnadi, S. R., & Anwar, A. D. (2016). Keguguran (abortus). Dalam D. Martaadisoebrata.,

F. F. Wirakusumah., & J. S. Effendi (Ed.). Obstetri patologi ilmu kesehatan Reproduksi. (h. 1-11). Jakarta: EGC.

Kumar, P., & Malhotra, N. (2008). Jeffcoate’s principles of gynaecology (7th international edition). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher.

Kusuma, A. (2016). Faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi kejadian abortus imminens pada ibu hamil di Sukadana Kabupaten Kayong Utara. Pontianak: Universias Muhammadiyah Pontianak.

MacWilliams, K., Hughes, J., Aston, M., Field, S., & Moffat, F. W., (2016). Understanding the experience of miscarriage in the emergency department. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 42, 504-512.

Miller-Karas, E. (2015). Building resilience to trauma: The trauma and community resiliency.

New York: Routledge.

Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification, vol. 1. New York: Oxford University Press.

Sarafino, E. P., & Smith, T. W. (2014). Health psychology: Biopsychosocial interactions.

New Jersey: Wiley.

Schwerdtfeger, K.L., & Shreffler, K.M. (2009). Trauma of pregnancy loss and infertility for mothers and involuntarily childless women in the contemporary United States. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 14, 211–227. doi:10.1080/15325020802537468

Sutiyono, A. (2010). Dahsyatnya hypnoparenting. Jakarta: Penebar Plus.

Taylor, S.E. (2009). Health psychology (Seventh Edition). New York: Mc Graw Hill Wibowo, B., & Wiknjosastro, G. H. (2005). Kelainan dalam lamanya kehamilan. DalamA.

B. Saiffudin & T. Rachimhadhi (Ed.). Ilmu kebidanan. (h. 302-322). Jakarta:Yayasan Bina Pustaka.

Willig, C. (2001). Introducing qualitative research in psychology: Adventures in theory and method. Maidenhead, UK. Open University Press.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33508/exp.v6i2.2722