The Preference for English in Digital Media among Indonesian Millennials

Ignatius Harjanto

Abstract


The use of English among Indonesian millennials has been more widespread especially because of exposure to English has been so massive to secondary school in urban areas. There has been a concern that the increasing use of English might diminish their Indonesian language use and cultural identity. This study aims to investigate the roles of English on satellite TV programs and social media posts for Indonesian millennials, their language preference, and the consequences of language preference on their national identity. A concurrent embedded mixed methods design collecting quantitative and qualitative data was carried out through short essays and closed-questionnaires. Both questions of essay writing and closed-questionnaires were sent to students of private high schools in two big cities (Jakarta and Surabaya), aged 18 to 20 years old online. The questionnaire items were in multiple-choice and the short paragraph essay explained the importance of TV programs and social media posts for learning English. After being scrutinized, 989 respondents essay responses were analysed. The findings showed that TV programs and social media posts were claimed to have important roles of English learning resources. Although they practiced English through social media, they felt that they still kept themselves as Indonesians when using English on social media

Keywords


language use; identity; language preference; social media

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abbas, J., Aman, J., Nurunnabi, M., & Bano, S. (2019). sustainability-11-01683.pdf. Sustainability, 11(1683), 23. Retrieved from www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability

Abrar-ul-Hassan, S. (2010). Nativized varieties of english and the linguistic identity: A case of Indian English speakers. The Journal of Asia TEFL, 7(2), 2968.

Akbari, E., Naderi, A., Simons, R.-J., & Pilot, A. (2016). Student engagement and foreign language learning through online social networks. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 1(1), 122. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-016-0006-7

Ali, S. D., & Hasanabbasi. (2015). Social Networks for Language Learning. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(5), 10901095.

Alkathiri, L. A. (2019). Original Paper Students Perspectives towards Using Youtube in Improving EFL Learners Motivation to Speak. Journal of Education and Culture Studies, 3(1), 1230. https://doi.org/10.22158/jecs.v3n1p12

Amin, F. M., & Sundari, H. (2020). EFL Students Preferences on Digital Platforms during Emergency Remote Teaching?: Video Conference , LMS , or Messenger Application?? 7(2), 362378. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v7i2.16929

Anankulladetch, P. (2017). The Impact of Social Media on ESL Students Learning Performance (California State University). Retrieved from Digital Commons @ CSUMB%0ACapstone Projects and Masters Theses Capstone

Anderson, B. (2006). Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. New York: Verso.

Arndt, H. L., & Woore, R. (2018). Vocabulary learning from watching YouTube videos and reading blog posts. Language Learning and Technology, 22(3), 124142. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10125/44660

Benson, P. (2015). Commenting to learn: Evidence of language and intercultural learning in comments on youtube videos. Language Learning and Technology, 19(3), 88105.

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods

Approaches. (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage

Crystal, D. (2011). English as a Global Language in Chinese Context. In Theory and Practice in Language Studies (Vol. 1). https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.1.2.167-176

Darvin, R. (2016a). Language and identity in the digital age. In M. Weinstein (Ed.), Routledge Handbook of Language and Identity (pp. 523540). Taylor & Francis.

Darvin, R. (2016b). Mentoring in the Digital Age. Training, 53(5), 522540.

Darvin, R., & Norton, B. (2015). Identity and a Model of Investment in Applied Linguistics. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 35, 3656. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190514000191

Dimock, M. (2019, January 17). News in the numbers. Pew Research Center, pp. 17. Retrieved from http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/10/19/5-charts-on-global-views-of-china/

El-badawy, T. A., & Hashem, Y. (2015). The Impact of Social Media on the Academic Development of School Students The Impact of Social Media on the Academic Development of School Students. (January). https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v6n1p46

Harjanto, I., Lie, A., & Wijaya, J. (2019). Home, school, and community factors on Indonesian secondary students self-identity changes. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 9(2), 348358. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v9i2.20232

Hong, Y. C., & Ganapathy, M. (2017). To Investigate ESL Students Instrumental and Integrative Motivation towards English Language Learning in a Chinese School in Penang?: Case Study. 10(9). https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n9p17

Gao, Y. H. (2002). Productive bilingualism: 1+1>2. In D.W.C. So & G.M. Jones (Eds.),

Education and society in plurilingual contexts (pp.143-162). Brussels: VUB Brussels

University Press.

Gao, Y., Zhao, Y., Cheng, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2007). Relationship between English learning motivation types and self-identity changes among Chinese students. TESOL Quarterly, 41(1), 133155. doi: 10.1002/j.1545-7249.2007.tb00043.x

Gao, Y., Jia, Z., & Zhou, Y. (2015). EFL Learning and Identity Development: A Longitudinal Study in 5 Universities in China. Journal of Language, Identity and Education, 14(3), 137158. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2015.1041338

Gervasio, M., & Karuri, M. (2019). Marking Identity through Language in Social Media Discourse by Chuka University Students. International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature (IJSELL), 7(8), 4352.

Hou, Y., Xiong, D., Jiang, T., Song, L., & Wang, Q. (2019). Social media addiction?: Its impact , mediation , and intervention. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 13(1). Retrieved from https://cyberpsychology.eu/article/view/11562/10369

Izmaylova, A. R. (2017). Using Social Media to Develop Intercultural Competence Through Telecollaboration (University of Iowa). Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1931104315?accountid=14169

Janicke-bowles, S. H., Narayan, A., & Seng, A. (2018). Social Media for Good? A Survey on Millennials Inspirational Social Media Use. The Journal of Social Media in Society, 7(2), 120140. https://doi.org/thejsms.org/tsmri/index.php/TSMRI/index

Jin, S. (2015). Using facebook to promote korean efl learners intercultural competence. Language Learning and Technology, 19(3), 3851. Retrieved from https://www.lltjournal.org/item/3084

Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia. (2019). These are the Impacts and Opportunities of Indonesia as a Middle-Income Country. Retrieved from Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia website: www.kemenkeu.go.id

Khan, I. U., Ayaz, M., & Faheem, M. (2016). The Role of Social Media in Development of English Language Vocabulary at University Level. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6(11). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v6-i11/2444

Kommers, P. (2011). Social Media for Learning by Means of ICT. UNESCO. 2011. (p. 12). p. 12. Retrieved from http://iite.unesco.org/files/policy_briefs/pdf/en/social_media.pd

Lambert, W. E. (1974). Culture and Language as Factors in Learning and Education.

Lantz-Andersson, A. (2018). Language play in a second language: Social media as contexts for emerging Sociopragmatic competence. Education and Information Technologies, 23(2), 705724. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-017-9631-0

Li, V. (2017). Social Media in English Language Teaching and Learning. (June). https://doi.org/10.18178/ijlt.3.2.148-153

Lie, A., Wijaya, J., & Kuntjara, E. (2018). Linguistic and cultural identity of Indonesian Americans in The United States. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 8(1), 198207. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v8i1.11468

Lightbown, P. and Spada, N. (2006). How languages are learned (3rd ed). Oxford: Oxford

University Press.

Metruk, R. (2018). The Effects of Watching Authentic English Videos with and without Subtitles on Listening and Reading Skills of EFL Learners. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(6), 25452553. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/90088

Moghavvemi, S., Sulaiman, A., & Jaafar, N. I. (2018). The International Journal of Social media as a complementary learning tool for teaching and learning?: The case of youtube. 16(November 2017), 3742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2017.12.001

Murray, D. E., & Christison, M. (2019). What English Language Teachers Need to Know Volume I. In What English Language Teachers Need to Know Volume I. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351139847

Namaziandost, E., Branch, S., & Nasri, M. (2019). The Impact of Social Media on EFL Learners Speaking Skill?: A Survey Study Involving EFL Teachers and Students. Journal of Applied Linguistics and Language Research, 6(January), 199215. Retrieved from http://www.jallr.com/index.php/JALLR/article/view/1031/pdf1031

Namvar, F., & Ibrahim, N. (2014). Popularity and Familiarity of Slang among ESL Students. Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(24), 35853590. https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2014.3585.3590

Norton, B. (1995). Social Identity, Investment, and Language Learning. TESOL Qurterly, 29(1), 931. https://doi.org/10.2307/3587803

Norton, B. (2013). Identity and Language Learning: Extending the Conversation Second edition. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

Norton, B., & Toohey, K. (2011). Identity, language learning, and social change. Language Teaching, 44(4), 412446. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444811000309

Pavlenko, A. and Lantolf, J.P. (2000) Second language learning as participation and the

(re)construction of selves. In Lantolf, JP (ed), Sociocultural theory and second language

learning (pp. 155177). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Rassokha, M. (2010). Language Identity: Issues of Theory and Practice. Asian Englishes, 13(1), 2033. https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2010.10801270

Rezaei, S., & Latifi, A. (2019). Iranian EFL learners identity construction in a critical reflective course: a case of an online course. Open Learning, 00(00), 119. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2019.1632700

Sad, S. H. T. (2017). Foreign Language Learning and Identity Reconstruction: Learners Understanding of the Intersections of the Self, the Other and Power. Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal, 7(4), 1336.

Schreiber, B. R. (2015). I am What I am: Multilingual Identity and Digital Translannguaing. Language Learning & Technology, 19(3), 6987.

Simsek, E., & Simsek, A. (2013). New Literacies for Digital Citizenship. Contemporary Educational Technology, 4(2), 126137.

Spires, H. A., Morris, G., & Zhang, J. (2012). New Literacies and Emerging Technologies: Perspectives from U.S. and Chinese Middle Level Teachers. RMLE Online, 35(10), 111. https://doi.org/10.1080/19404476.2012.11462093

Stuart-Smith, J., Timmins, C., Pryce, G., & Gunter, B. (2013). Television canalso beafactor in language change: Evidence froman urban dialect. Language, 89(3), 501536. https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2013.0041

Thurairaj, S., Hoon, E. P., Roy, S. S., & Fong, P. W. (2015). Reflections of students language usage in social networking sites: Making or marring academic English. The Electronic Journal of E-Learning, 13(4), 302316.

Turnbull, B. (2017). Learner Perspectives on National Identity and EFL Education in Japan?: Report of a Questionnaire Study. The Journal of AsiaTEFL, 14(2), 211227. https://doi.org/10.18823/asiatefl.2017.14.2.1.211

Wenger, E. (2010). Communities of practice and social learning systems: The career of a concept. Social Learning Systems and Communities of Practice, 179198. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-133-2_11

Yazan, B., Rudolph, N., & Selvi, A. F. (2019). Borderland negotiations of identity in language education?: Introducing the special issue. International Multilingual Research Journal, 13(3), 133136. https://doi.org/10.1080/19313152.2019.1633095

Zhao, S., Grasmuck, S., & Martin, J. (2008). Identity construction on Facebook: Digital empowerment in anchored relationships. Computers in Human Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.02.012

Zhou, W., & Zhou, M. (2018). Role of Self-Identity and Self-Determination in English Learning among High School Students. Journal of Language, Identity and Education, 17(3), 168181. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2018.1433537




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33508/bw.v9i1.3143

Copyright (c) 2021 Ignatius Harjanto

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Visitors (since February 20, 2017):
View Beyond Words Stats
Creative Commons License
Beyond Words is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License